# What is an IGSN

:::{admonition} Definition
The International Generic Sample Number (IGSN) is a persistent unique identifier
for physical samples.
:::

Think of it like a barcode for scientific samples. It works just like a DOI (Digital
Object Identifier), providing a way to uniquely identify a physical sample.
The IGSN can be used to link it to associated data, publications, and other related
resources.
It is a globally recognised standard that allows researchers to easily and unambiguously
identify and track samples throughout their lifecycle, from collection to publication.

The IGSN registration process involves four key components that provide a comprehensive
description of the sample and facilitate its discovery and access:

:::{figure-md} fig-target
:class: align-center

```{image} ../_static/igsn_components.svg
:alt: The IGSN key components.
:width: 475px
```

The IGSN key components.
:::

1. The [**IGSN ID**](../specifications/igsn_identifier.md) is a unique code assigned
to the physical sample object during the registration process. e.g., [`10.58030/kielbot0007007`](https://doi.org/10.58030/kielbot0007007).
Functioning as the fundamental identifier, it establishes a crucial link between
the sample and its associated metadata and landing page.
2. The [**landing page**](../specifications/landing_pages.md) is a
web page that provides descriptive information about the sample and is associated
with the IGSN ID. The landing page typically includes a summary of the sample's characteristics,
images, and links to related data and publications.
3. The [**metadata**](../specifications/metadata_schema.md) provides standardised
and interoperable information that can be easily shared and discovered.
It encompasses essential details such as the unique IGSN identifier, creator and
contributor information, geospatial and temporal context, and links to related resources.
4. The **physical sample object** is associated with an IGSN
ID and described by metadata and the landing page.